Semantically Correct HTML 5

Chapter 1 - History of the markup language

HTML is the unifying Language of the World Wide Web and HTML5 is the latest iteration of this lingua franca
There was never anything such as HTML 1. The official specifications was HTML 2.0, published by IETF
W3C then published XHTML 1.1. It couldn't be served with a mime-type text/html, simply reformulated as XML
XHTML 2 was thus introduced. It lacked backwards compatibility with the existing web content or even previous versions of HTML.
WHATWG started developing HTML5 as the W3C continued working on XHTML 2
HTML5 it's an evolutionary rather than revolutionary in the ongoing story of markup

After the fog of confusion between WHATWG and W3C there was a lot to learn
W3C learnt a lesson from post-revolutionary France:changing existing behavior is very, very difficult.

The HTML5 specification doesn’t just declare what browsers should do when they are processing well-formed markup.
It also defines what browsers should do when they are dealing with badly formed documents.

Declaring the DOCTYPE became simpler:
```
!DOCTYPE html
```
Documents character encoding declaration changed to
```
meta charset="UTF-8"
```
Script and the Link tag changed to
```
type="text/javascript"
```
and
```
type="text/css"
```

Some elements have not just become depreciated, they have been rendered obsolete.
Obsolete elements include :-
- frame
- frameset
- noframes
- acronym use abbr
- font
- big
- center
The a element is now without doubt the most important element in HTML
Shiny new toys began being born -: HTML5 APIs - very powerful for web designers

Sample Image Without Canvas

Sample Image With Canvas

Extensibility is about adding more semantic value to elements using the class attribute.
New inline elements. This is highlighted.
Your profile is 80 80% complete.

Microformats are a set of conventions which are agreed upon by a community.
They are used with classes to extend the HTML5 attributes.
However, they are limited by design. They solve 80% of the use cases with 20% of the effort.

HTML5 introduces new structural elements that includes

Caution: Do not replace the new structural element without first thinking of the content.

The new structural elements introduce a completely new content model called “sectioning content.”

Styling - Now you can style your to your heart’s content.
ARIA(Accessible Rich Internet Applications)- allows assistive technology to participate fully in all-singing, all-dancing Ajax interactions.
Validation - A very powerful tool to assist web developers
Future detection - The use of a modernizer script to determine whether the browser supports a particular input type or not: